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Their structures and their electronic properties have been intensively studied both experimentally and theoretically. Utilizing the interesting optical, electrical, and chemical properties of graphene, various graphene-based biosensors have been fabricated to detect biomolecules with high sensitivities.Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are quasi-one-dimensional structure, which are stripes of graphene.
![graphene density of states quantumwise graphene density of states quantumwise](https://physics.aps.org/assets/8b3be98c-c4be-453d-93cd-7c871723b201/e82_2.png)
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has been extensively studied in many different fields including nanoelectronics, composite materials, energy research, catalysis, and more recently biomedicine. Graphene is a rapidly rising star on the horizon of materials science and condensed matter physics.1Graphene is made up of a single layer of carbon atoms packed into a two dimensional honeycomb lattice. Keywords: Zigzag graphene nanoribbon, Paracetamol drug, Non-Equilibrium Green's function, Density functional theory, Transmission spectrum, I-V characteristic. The decrease in the I-V characteristics of all the chemically modified systems clearly indicates tuning of band gap thus proving the sensing effect of ZGNR for biomedical applications. Further, bare ZGNR system is chosen as the reference. Our results show a significant suppression of transmission spectrum supported by the variation in density of states (DOS) thereby showing a distinct response to the molecule for sensing action.
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The non-covalent interaction between ZGNR and the drug is studied by calculating the transmission spectrum and density of states using non-equilibrium Green's function formalism (NEGF) and density functional theory(DFT).We have simulated different systems like bare ZGNR, hybrid system consisting of ZGNR and paracetamol, hybrid system with central doping of nitrogen, hybrid system with edge doping of nitrogen, hybrid system consisting of nitrogen replacing one complete edge layer carbon atoms and their corresponding I-V characteristics and transmission spectrum are reported. Here the drug is adsorbed at the edge of ZGNR through physisorption. In the present study, we explore the biological applications of zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) as molecularscale biosensors by calculating the electronic properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) and paracetamol drug ensemble. Graphene, the profound mother of carbon nanostructures has attracted tremendous attention towards biosensor and biomedical research through its enhanced property of sensitivity and specificity.